Bibtex references appear in the following format:
@TYPE{KEY,
FIELD1 = FIELDENTRY1,
FIELD2 = FIELDENTRY2,
.
.
.}
For a given type, each field is either required, optional, or
ignored. The text of a field must either be enclosed in double quotes
("field") or braces ({field}). These quotes or braces may be
optionally omitted around text consisting entirely of numerals. If a
field has multiple entries, for example a book that is coauthored,
the field should be entered once and multiple names combined with
"and", as in "Bob Smith and Sally Jones". Currently, the Citation
system requires each field of a Bibtex reference to be on a single
line. Following is a list of each possible field:
|
address: |
Publisher's address. For major publishing houses, just the city is given. For small publishers, you can help the reader by giving the complete address. |
|
annote: |
An annotation. It is not used by he standard bibliography styles, but may be used by others that produce an annotated bibliography. |
|
author: |
The name(s) of the author(s). |
|
booktitle: |
Title of a book, part of which is being cited. |
|
chapter: |
A chapter number. |
|
edition: |
The edition of a book - for example "second". |
|
editor: |
Name(s) of editor(s). If there is also an author field, then the editor field gives the editor of the book or collection in which the reference appears. |
|
howpublished: |
How something strange has been published. |
|
institution: |
The institution that published the work. |
|
journal: |
A journal name. Abbreviations are provided for many journals. |
|
key: |
Used for alphabetizing and creating a label when the author and editor fields are missing. This field should not be confused with the key that appears at the beginning of the reference. |
|
month: |
The month in which the work was published or, for an unpublished work, in which it was written. |
|
note: |
Any additional information that can help the reader. |
|
number: |
The number of a journal, magazine, or technical report. An issue of a journal or magazine is generally identified by its volume and number; the organization that issues a technical report usually gives it a number. |
|
organization: |
The organization sponsoring a conference. |
|
pages: |
One or more page numbers or ranges of number, such as 37--42, or 7,53,82--94. |
|
publisher: |
The publisher's name. |
|
school: |
The name of the school where a thesis was written. |
|
series: |
Then name given a series or set of books. When citing an entire book, the title field gives its title and the optional series field gives the name of a series in which the book was published. |
|
title: |
The work's title. |
|
type: |
The type of technical report - for example, "Research Note". |
|
volume: |
The volume of a journal or multivolume book. |
|
year: |
The year of publication or, for an unpublished work, the year it was written. It should only consist of numerals, such as 1976. |
A reference can be to any of a variety of types. Following is a
list of types. Each one also explains the fields associated with that
type. Any fields not listed as required or optional are considered to
be ignored.
|
article: |
An article from a journal or magazine. Required fields: author, title, journal, year. Optional fields: volume, number, pages, month, note, key. |
|
book: |
A book with an explicit publisher. Required fields: author or editor, title, publisher, year. Optional fields: volume, series, address, edition, month, note, key. |
|
booklet: |
A work that is printed and bound, but without a named publisher or sponsoring institution. Required fields: title. Optional fields: author, howpublished, address, month, year, note, key. |
|
conference: |
The same as Inproceedings. |
|
inbook: |
A part of a book, which may be a chapter and/or a range of pages. Required fields: author or editor, title, chapter and/or pages, publisher, year. Optional fields: volumer, series, address, edition, month, note, key. |
|
incollection: |
A part of a book with its own title. Required fields: author, title, booktitle, publisher, year. Optional fields: editor, pages, organization, publisher, address, month, note, key. |
|
An article in a conference proceedings. Required fields: author, title, booktitle, year. Optional fields: editor, pages, organization, publisher, address, month, note, key. |
|
|
manual: |
Technical documentation. Required fields: title. Optional fields: author, organization, address, edition, month, year, note. |
|
masterthesis: |
A Master's thesis. Required fields: author, title, school, year. Optional fields: address, month, note, key. |
|
misc: |
Use this type when nothing else fits. Required fields: none. Optional fields: author, title, howpublished, month, year, note, key. |
|
phdthesis: |
A Ph.D. thesis. Required fields: author, title, school, year. Optional fields: address, month, note, key. |
|
proceedings: |
The proceedings of a conference. Required fields: title, year. Optional fields: editor, publisher, organization, address, month, note, key. |
|
techreport: |
A report published by a school or other institution, usually numbered within a series. Required fields: author, title, institution, year. Optional fields: type, number, address, month, note, key. |
|
unpublished: |
A document with an author and title, but not formally published. Required fields: author, title, note. Optional fields: month, year, key. |
Examples:
@BOOK{kn:gnus,
AUTHOR = "Donald E. Knudson",
TITLE = "1966 World Gnus Almanac",
PUBLISHER = {Permafrost Press},
ADDRESS = {Novosibirsk} }
@article{XAi_HSCheng_1994a,
author = "X. Ai and H. S. Cheng",
title = "Influence of moving dent on point {EHL} contacts",
journal = "Tribol. Trans.",
volume = "37",
year = "1994",
pages = "323--335",
}